Iron Man was created in 1963 on a collaboration among writer-editor Stan Lee, scriptwriter Larry Lieber, and comic artists Don Heck and Jack Kirby. While Lee intended to write the story himself, he eventually handed the premier issue over to Lieber, who fleshed out the story.
Iron Man first appeared in 13 to 18 page stories in Tales of Suspense issue #39, March 1963), which featured anthology science fiction and supernatural stories. The comic superhero's original costume was a bulky gray armor, which later turned golden in his second story (issue #40, April 1963), and then redesigned again as a sleeker red-and-golden armor starting in issue #48 (Dec. 1963).
In his debut, Iron Man was an anti-communist hero, defeating various Vietnamese agents; but, later issues developed billionaire playboy Tony Stark, who invented and wore the armor suit, into a more complex and vulnerable character as they depicted his battle with alcoholism and other personal difficulties.
From issue #59 (Nov. 1964) to its final issue #99 (March 1968), Tales of Suspense replaced the second anthology story with the continuing stories of Captain America. After issue #99 (March 1968), the book's title was changed to Captain America. Iron Man stories moved to the title Iron Man and Sub-Mariner in April 1968, before the "Golden Avenger" made his solo debut with The Invincible Iron Man (issue #1, May 1968).
Forbes has ranked Iron Man among the wealthiest fictional characters on their annual ranking. BusinessWeek has also ranked Iron Man as one of the top ten most intelligent fictional characters in American comics.
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